Minggu, 12 Oktober 2014

If at First You Don’t Succeed: A Framework for Understanding Follower Compliance in Multiple Influence Attempts

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John E. Barbuto, Jr. & Kevin Warneke We propose a framework for understanding the influence process in multiple influence attempts. The framework incorporates the constructs of influence tactics, bases of social power, work motivation, compliance and commitment, and modes of conflict management to arrive at a sequential illustration of the influence process through primary and secondary influence attempts. Propositions are developed and directions for future research are explored

Commodity Indices – The End of an Era?

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Keywords:
correlation, value at risk, volatility, diversification, commodities
Abstract:
Commodities are very important for the welfare of whole nations and so an increased demand, even on the financial markets, can be seen in the 20th century. For this reason commodities were no longer only product factors. They became more and more a speculative character for investors, especially in times of crisis as a possible safe haven (Mildner / Rudloff / Westphal, 2012, p. 57). Because of their development over two decades, during which time the invested volume grew up to an amount of 320 Billion US-Dollar at the beginning of 2011 (Knoepfel, 2011, p. 2) and the return of investing in commodities had beaten traditional investments, it might be very interesting to invest in commodity indices, if they can diversify an investor´s portfolio while improving the return. For the valuation and comparison of traditional and commodity indices, this article uses the classical approach of the volatility and the Value at Risk (VaR) for risk measurement and logarithmic returns for the performances. The analysis is indexed on July 1998 to get comparable results and aims to test if commodities can diversify a portfolio any longer.
References:
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Büscher, A., Frère, E., Hellwig, G., Reuse, S. (2013). Sustainable Investments - Outperformance gegenüber traditionellen Kapitalanlagen? Controller Magazin, 38(1), pp. 83-89. Dow Jones Indices (2012). Dow Jones-UBS Commodity Indexes. Available from: http://www.djindexes.com/commodity/, accessed on December 31st, 2013. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. (2013). MIDDAY BRIEFING - Unternehmen und Märkte -2-. Available from: http://www.faz.net/agenturmeldungen/unternehmensnachrichten/midday-briefing-unternehmen-und-maerkte-2-12543875.html, accessed on December 31st, 2013. Glebe, D. (2008). Die globale Finanzkrise. Norderstedt: Books on Demand. Gregoriou, G. N. (2009). Encyclopedia of Alternative Investments. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis Group. Haase, M., Markert, V. (2009). Auf der Suche nach der Benchmark: die neue Generation von Rohstoffindizes. Zeitschrift für das gesamte Kreditwesen, 62(8), pp. 385-387. Haaß, W. (2007). Rendite aus der Fülle der Natur. die bank - Zeitschrift für Bankpolitik und Praxis (5), pp. 14-19. Kern, M. (2008). Kapitalmarktorientierter Kreditrisikotransfer - Eine Analyse am Beispiel deutscher Genossenschaftsbanken. Wiesbaden: Gabler-GWV. Knoepfel, I. (2011). Responsible investments in commodities - The issue of stake and a potential role of institutional investors. Zürich: onValues Investment Strategies and Research. Krämer, W. (2002). Rohstoffe als Investmentklasse, Available from: http://www.lazardnet.com/lam/de/pdfs/Hintergrund_Rohstoffe_0602.pdf, accessed on December 31st, 2013. Mallien, J. (2012). Warum der Baltic Dry Index diesmal lügt, 01.02.2012. Available from: http://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/konjunktur/nachrichten/konjunkturbarometer-stuerzt-ab-warum-der-baltic-dry-index-diesmal-luegt/6135760.html, accessed on December 31st, 2013. Mikosch, B. (2010). Wenn der Dollar dem Anleger die Pläne verdirbt. 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Norderstedt: Books on Demand. Reuse, S. (2006). Berechnung des Value-at-Risk mit der Monte-Carlo-Simulation. Bankpraktiker, 1(7), pp. 366-371. Reuse, S. (2010). Comparing Variance/Covariance and historical simulation in the context of the financial crisis - Do extreme movements have an influence onto portfolio selection? Financial Assets and Investing, 1(1), pp. 15-30. Reuse, S. (2011). Korrelationen in Extremsituationen - Eine empirische Analyse des deutschen Finanzmarktes mit dem Fokus auf irrationales Marktverhalten. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag. Reuse, S., Linnertová, D. (2008a). Diversification with the help of commodities - A historical analysis. Guaranteed commodity trading on commodity exchanges under the auspices of Commissioner of Region South Moravia Ing. Stanislav Juránek on 25.06. – 26.06. 2008 at Faculty of Economics and Administration MU (FEA), pp. 50-56. Brno. Reuse, S., Linnertová, D. (2008b). Using commodities as a strategy of diversification - A historical analysis. In V. Šoltés (Ed.), National and Regional Economics VII., (pp. 531-538). Košice. Rogers International Commodity Index. (2012). Rogers Raw Materials. Available from: http://www.rogersrawmaterials.com/home.asp, accessed on August 31st, 2013. Rogers International Commodity Index. (2013). The RICI weighting. Available from: http://www.rogersrawmaterials.com/weight.asp , accessed on August 31st, 2013. Rolfes, B. (2008). Gesamtbanksteuerung - Risiken ertragsorientiert steuern (2nd ed.). Stuttgart: Schäffer-Poeschel. Scherff, D. (2013). Schlechte Nachrichten aus den Schwellenländern. Available from: http://www.faz.net/aktuell/finanzen/kommentar-schlechte-nachrichten-aus-den-schwellenlaendern-12545504.html, accessed on August 31st, 2013. Schneider, K. (2010). Marketing als Steuerungsinstrument in der Wirtschaftskrise: Der konjunkturelle Einfluss auf die absatzpolitischen Maßnahmen. Hamburg: Diplomica Verlag. Steiner, M., Bruns, C., Stöckl, S. (2012). Wertpapiermanagement - Professionelle Wertpapieranalyse und Portfoliostrukturierung (10 ed.). Stuttgart: Schäffer-Poeschel Verlag. Thomson Reuters. (2012). Commodity Indices - The world's first commodity index, in its original and updated forms. Available from http://Thomsonreuters.com/products_services/financial/thomson_reuters_indices/indices/commodity_indices/, accessed on August 31st, 2013. Thomson Reuters. (2013a). Commodity Indices. Available from http://Thomsonreuters.com/commodity-indices/, accessed on August 31st, 2013. Thomson Reuters. (2013b). CRB Reuters Jefferies. Available from: https://customers.reuters.com/d/Reuters_Jefferies_CRB_Index.pdf, accessed on August 31st, 2013. Wohleb, D., Jochims, D. (2011). Risiken beim Rohstoffhandel - Wie Contango und Backwardation den Anlageerfolg gefährden. 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Concentration of Banking Sector and Loan Markups in Short Term: An Example from Poland

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Keywords:
concentration of banking sector, loan markup, Poland
Abstract:
The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of the relationship between concentration of the banking sector and banks' markups on offered loans. The markup is understood as the difference between the rate offered by banks and the reference rate fixed by the Monetary Policy Council. The period between 2009 and 2013 was analyzed. Monthly data from the Polish banking sector were considered. This paper also consists of the literature review, which focuses on the mortgage market. The methodology used for the analysis is based mainly on simple linear regression techniques. It is found that such methods are not sufficient to give conclusive answers. Therefore additional future research is proposed.
References:
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The price-concentration relationship in banking. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 71, pp. 291-299. Bergstresser, D. (2008). Market Concentration and Commercial Bank Loan Portfolios. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1291356. Brzoza-Brzezina, M. (2005). Lending Booms in the new EU Member States. Will Euro Adoption Matter?. European Central Bank Working Papers, 543. Calza, A., Monacelli, T., Stracca, L. (2013). Housing Finance and Monetary Policy. Journal of the European Economic Association, 11, pp. 101-122. Carletti, E., Hartmann, P. (2002). Competition and Stability: What's Special About Banking?. European Central Bank Working Papers, 146. Chetty, R., Szeidl, A. (2004). Consumption commitments and asset prices. Paper presented at the 2004 SED Meeting. Cipollini, A., Fiordelisi, F. (2008). The impact of bank concentration on financial distress: the case of the European banking system, Preprint (Preliminary version). Cody, R. (2011). 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Real Estate Booms and Banking Busts: An International Perspective. Paper presented at the Wharton Conference on Asian Twin Financial Crises 1998. Hüfner, F. (2009). Adjusting Housing Policies in Slovakia in Light of Euro Adoption. OECD Economics Department Working Papers, 682. Hwang, M., Quigley, J. (2006). Economic fundamentals in local housing markets: evidence from U.S. metropolitan regions. Journal of Regional Science, 46, pp. 425-453. Iacoviello, M. (2002). House Prices and Business Cycles in Europe: a VAR Analysis. Boston College Working Papers in Economics, 540. KNF (2013). Dane o rynku. Available from http://www.knf.gov.pl/opracowania/sektor_bankowy/index.html. Kokoszczyński, R. (2001). Structural changes in the Polish banking industry - three dimensions of consolidation processes in an emerging economy. BIS Papers 4 - The banking industry in the emerging market economies: competition, consolidation and systemic stability, pp. 118-122. Kozak, S. (2008). 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An Insight into SBM Efficiency of Slovak Commercial Banks

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Keywords:
efficiency, Slovak banking industry, SBM model, the profit approach
Abstract:
The paper investigates into the efficiency of the Slovak banking industry over the years 2000–2011 through the prism of the profit approach to the perception of efficiency of commercial banks. More precisely, the aim of the paper is to benchmark individual commercial banks with respect to their efficiency status under the profit definition of efficiency. Nonetheless, massive structural changes that took place in the Slovak economy also affected significantly the development of the Slovak banking sector and gave rise to shifts in its production function. In order to include these qualitative changes into consideration, the entire period of 12 years was – on economic grounds – divided into three consecutive non-overlapping sub-periods (2000–2003, 2004–2008, 2009–2011) during which the production function may be viewed stable and free of qualitative alterations. A panel of 11 organizational units (i.e. commercial banks) of the Slovak banking sector was identified, and under the assumption of the production function being constant and shiftless in the three sub-periods the data on them were pooled together for each of the three sub-periods. In evaluating their technical efficiency in the individual three sub-periods, a non-parametric method of evaluation is employed based on the slack-based measure (SBM) model of data envelopment analysis. During the period of 12 years examined, Slovenská sporiteľňa maintained a comparatively high SBM technical efficiency and other Slovak banks were subject to positive or negative changes in their comparative efficiency profile. The paper further demonstrates how this information can be used outside the academic sphere with an accent laid upon the stockholders and the management of the commercial banks under investigation.
References:
Anayiotos, G., Toroyan, H., Vamvakidis, A. (2010). The efficiency of emerging Europe′s banking sector before and after the recent economic crisis. Financial Theory and Practice, vol. 34, iss. 3, pp. 247-267. Benston, G. (1965). Branch banking and economies of scale. Journal of Finance, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 312-331. Berger, A. N., Hanweck, G. A., Humphrey, D. B. (1987). Competitive viability in banking: Scale, Scope and Product Mix Economies. Journal of Monetary Economics, vol. 20, pp 501-520. Berger, A. N., Humphrey, D. B. (1997). Efficiency of financial institutions: international survey and directions for future research. European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 98, number 2, pp. 175-212. Berger, A. N., Mester, L. (2003). Explaining the dramatic changes in performance of US banks: Technological change, deregulation, and dynamic changes in competition. Journal of Financial Intermediation, vol. 12, pp. 57-95. Boďa, M., Zimková, E. (2013). A Cobb-Douglasian production function of the Slovak banking sector under the intermediation approach. Financial management of firms and financial institutions. Ostrava: Ekonomická fakulta Vysoké školy báňské - Technické univerzity Ostrava, pp. 54-63. Cooper, W. W., Seiford, L. M., Tone, K. (2007). Data envelopment analysis. New York: Springer, 2007. Grigorian, D., Manole, V. (2002). Determinants of commercial bank performance in transition: an application of data envelopment analysis. Working Paper No. 146. Washington: International Monetary Fund. Kenjegalieva, K. A., Simper, R., Weyman-Jones, T. G. (2009). Efficiency in transition banks: inter-country banking industry trends. Applied Financial Economics. vol. 19, pp. 1531-1546. Koch, T. W., MacDonald, S. S. (2010). Bank management. 7th ed. Mason (OH, USA): South-Western. Mishkin, F. S. (2007). Economics of money, banking and financial markets. 8th ed. Upper Saddle River (NJ, USA): Prentice-Hall, 2007. Oh, D.-H., Suh, D. (2013) nonparaeff: nonparametric methods for measuring efficiency and productivity, R package, version 0.5-8 of 2013-02-22, http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/nonparaeff/index.html. R Development Core Team (2013). R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing, http://www.r-project.org/. Sealey, C. W., Lindley, J. T. (1977), Inputs, outputs and a theory of production and cost at depository financial institutions. Journal of Finance, vol. 32, no. 8, pp. 1251-1266. Stavárek, D., Řepková, I. (2012). Efficiency in the Czech banking industry: A non-parametric approach. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendeleianae Brunensis, vol. LX, number 2, pp. 357–366. Stavárek, D. (2006). Banking efficiency in the context of European integration. Eastern European Economics, vol. 44, number 4, pp. 5-31. Tomova, M. (2006). X-efficiency of European banking – inequality and convergence. Free University of Brussels. Vincová, K. (2006). Neefektívnosť z rozsahu v bankovom sektore. Komparácia slovenského a českého bankového sektora. In Národná a regionálna ekonomika VI, Herľany. Košice: Technická univerzita v Košiciach, pp. 440-445. Wozniewska, G. (2008). Methods of measuring the efficiency of commercial banks: an example of Polish banks. Ekonomika, number 84, pp. 81-91. Zemanová, V. (2007). Aplikácia metódy DEA na bankový sektor Slovenskej republiky. In Proceedings from the conference AIESA Mladá veda 2007. Bratislava: Ekonóm

Modeling Financial Surplus of the Housing Projects Developer

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Keywords:
housing projects development, financial surplus, stochastic modeling, simulations
Abstract:
References:
Alexander, C. (2008). Market Risk Analysis: Value at Risk Models, 4th ed. England: John Wiley & Sons. Bayraktar, E., Young, V. R. (2010). Optimal investment strategy to minimize occupation time. Annals of Operations Research, vol. 176(1), pp. 389-408. Cai, N., Chen, N., Wan, X. (2010). Occupation Times of Jump-Diffusion Processes with Double Exponential Jumps and the Pricing of Options. Mathematics of Operations Research, vol. 35(2), pp. 412-437. Czernik, T. (2013). Occupation time – potential applications. Geometric Brownian Motion case. In: Barczak, A. S., Tworek, P. (eds.), Zastosowanie metod ilościowych w zarządzaniu ryzykiem w działalności inwestycyjnej. Katowice: Polish Economic Society. Gentle, J. E. (2003). Random number generation and Monte Carlo methods. New York: Springer. Hanson, F. B. (2007). Applied Stochastic processes and control for jump-diffusions. Modeling, analysis, and computation. Philadelphia: SIAM. Huh, Y. K., Hwang, B. G., Lee, J. S. (2012). Feasibility analysis model for developer-proposed housing projects in the republic of Korea. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, vol. 18(3), pp. 345-355. Iskra, D. (2011). Value at Risk - securities of portfolio optimization. A Geometric Brownian Motion case. Supplemento ai Rendiconti del Circolo matemattico di Palermo, vol. 2(83), pp. 199-208. Oksendal, B. (2007). Stochastic Differential Equations: An Introduction with Applications. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. Ozdamar, L., Dundar, H. (1997). A flexible heuristic for a multi-mode capital constrained project scheduling problem with probabilistic cash inflows. Computers & Operations Research, vol. 24(12), pp. 1187-1200. Skorupka, D. (2007). Metoda identyfikacji i oceny ryzyka realizacji przedsięwzięć budowlanych. Warszawa: Wyd. Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej. Tworek, P. (2010a). Methods of risk identification in companies’ investment projects. In: Dluhosova, D. (ed.), Managing and modelling of financial risk. Ostrava, pp. 418-427. Tworek, P. (2010b). Risk management standards – the review of approaches and concept. In: Dluhosova, D. (ed.), Managing and modelling of financial risk. Ostrava, pp. 409-417.

The Effects of Irreversibility and Uncertainty on Business Investments: A New View of Investment

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Keywords:
investment, uncertainty, irreversibility
Abstract:
References:
Abel, A. B., Eberly, J. C. (1994). A Unified Model of Investment under Uncertainty. American Economic Review, vol. 5, pp. 1369-1384. Belanová, K. (2012). Investície, riziko a nezameniteľnosť investícií: príklad automobilového priemyslu v SR. Ekonomický časopis, vol. 2, pp. 187-209. Belanová, K. (2010). Teória a politika podnikateľských financií. Bratislava: Vydavateľstvo EKONÓM. Bell, G. K., Campa, J. M. (1997). Irreversible Investment and Volatile Markets: A Study of the Chemical Processing Industry. Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 1, pp. 79-87. Bernanke, B. S. (1983). Irreversibility, Uncertainty and Cyclical Investment. Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 1, pp. 85-106. Bertola, G., Caballero, R. J. (1994). Irreversibility and Aggregate Investment. Review of Economic Studies, vol. 2, pp. 223-246. Bloom, N., Bond, S., Reenen, J. (2007). Uncertainty and Investment Dynamics. Review of Economic Studies, vol. 2, pp. 391-415. Bond, S. R., Lombardi, D. (2006). To Buy or Not to Buy? Uncertainty, Irreversibility, and Heterogeneous Investment Dynamics in Italian Company Data. IMF Staff Papers, No. 53, Washington, DC. Caballero, R. J. (1991). On the Sign of the Investment – Uncertainty Relationship. American Economic Review, vol. 4, pp. 279-288. Carruth, A., Dickerson, A., Henley, A. (2000). What do We Know about Investment under Uncertainty? Journal of Economic Surveys, vol. 2, pp. 119-153. Cassimon, D. et al. (2002). Investment, Uncertainty and Irreversibility: Evidence from Belgian Accounting Data. Working papers, Belgium. Dixit, A. K., Pindyck, R. S. (1994). Investment under Uncertainty. New Yersey: Princeton University Press. Episcopos, A. (1995). Evidence on the Relationship between Uncertainty and Irreversible Investment. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Statistics, vol. 1, pp. 41-52. Ghosal, V., Loungani, P. (1996). Product Market Competition and the Impact of Price Uncertainty on Investment: Some Evidence from US Manufacturing Industries. Journal of Industrial Economics, vol. 2, pp. 217-228. Goel, R. K., Ram, R. (2001). Irreversibility of R&D Investment and the Adverse Effect of Uncertainty. Economics Letters, vol. 2, pp. 287-291. Guiso, L., Parigi, G. (1999). Investment and Demand Uncertainty. Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 1, pp. 185-227. Jorgenson, D. W. (1971). Econometric studies of investment behavior: A survey. Journal of Economic Literature, vol. 4, pp. 111-147. Le, K. N., Hermes, N., Lanjouw, G. (2004). Investment, Uncertainty and Irreversibility. Economics of Transition, vol. 2, pp. 333-336. Lensink, R., Bo, H., Sterken, E. (2001). Investment, Capital Market Imperfections, and Uncertainty: Theory and Empirical Results. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. McDonald, R., Siegel, D. (1986). The Value of Waiting to Invest, Quaterly Journal of Economics. Vol. 4, pp. 707-728. Ogawa, K., Suzuki, K. (2000). Uncertainty and Investment: Some Evidence from the Panel Data of Japanese Manufacturing Firms. Japanese Economic Review, vol. 2, pp. 170-192. Pattillo, C. (1998). Investment, Uncertainty, Irreversibility in Ghana. IMF Staff Papers, No. 45, Washington, DC. Pindyck, R. S. (1986). Capital Risk and Models of Investment Behaviour. Working Paper, No. 1819, Cambridge. Price, S. (1996). Agregate Uncertainty, Investment and Assymetric Adjustment in the UK Manufacturing Sector. Applied Economics, vol. 11, pp. 1369- 1379.

Jumat, 11 Juli 2014

Tafsir Al-Jalalain

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Tafsir Al-Jalalain, karya ulama madzhab Syafi’iyyah yakni Imam Jalaluddin Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Mahalli (w 864 H) dan Imam Jalaluddin Abdurrahman bin Abi Bakr As-Suyuthi (w 911 H).

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Kitab Ta’lim Muta’alim

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Kitab Ta’lim Muta’alim berisi tentang panduan untuk penuntut ilmu agama, Menuntut ilmu wajib bagi setiap orang tanpa ada batasan waktu, baik itu ilmu agama maupun ilmu pengetahuan umum. Ilmu agama merupakan akar dari berbagai macam ilmu. Andai kita gambarkan ilmu itu seperti sebuah bangunan rumah, maka ilmu agama merupakan fondasi dasarnya. Jika fondasinya dibangun dengan kuat, bangunan rumah tersebut aan berdiri dengan kokoh.

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Terjemah Kitab Ihya Ulumuddin

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Kitab hasil karya Imam Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali yang sering dijadikan sebagai sandaran dan rujukan bagi sebagian ummat Islam terutama di Indonesia. Imam Al-Ghazali sering sekali dianggap sebagai ahli filsafat Islam dan ilmu kalam. Dan kitabnya yang berjudul Ihya Ulumuddin itu pun dianggap sebagai ‘masterpiece’ Imam Al-Ghazali dalam hal imu kalam dan filsafat.
Kitab ini berisi ajaran tentang Adab, ibadah, tauhid, akidah dan tasawuf yang sangat mendalam. Kitab ini merupakan hasil perenungan yang mendalam dari Imam Ghozali tentang berbagai hal, khususnya tentang pensucian hati

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Riyadhus Shalihin

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Riyadhus Shalihin adalah nama salah satu kitab kumpulan hadits dari Nabi Muhammad yang berarti taman orang-orang shalih yang disusun oleh Imam Nawawi. Kitab ini telah diterjemahkan ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia oleh Salim Bahreisy[

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Ibnu Kasir Terjemah Indonesia

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Ibnu Kasir Terjemah Indonesia terdiri dari
Ibnu Kasir Juz I
Ibnu Kasir Juz II
Ibnu Kasir Juz III
Ibnu Kasir Juz IV

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Selasa, 20 Mei 2014

Mastermatika Dahsyat : Tambah Kurang dan Perkalian BUKU 1

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Mastermatika Dahsyat : Tambah Kurang dan Perkalian BUKU 1

Mastermatika
adalah teknik berhitung super cepat menggunakan trik-trik yang mudah
dan sederhana dengan hasil yang lebih luar biasa daripada menggunakan
cara biasa.
Teknik
berhitung Mastermatika mengubah paradigma dari berhitung yang sulit dan
membosankan menjadi berhitung yang mudah dan menyenangkan, dari cara
berhitung konvensional menjadi cara berhitung yang kreatif dan menggugah
emosi/semangat belajar.

Materi terobosan baru dalam berhitung yang diluncurkan, di antaranya:
- Metode Takumatika dan Jarimagic untuk operasi Penjumlahan dan Pengurangan.
- Metode Kalimatika, Garismatika dan Metode Kotakmatika untuk operasi Perkalian.
- Metode Bagimatika untuk operasi Pembagian.
- Metode Kuadratmatika untuk operasi Kuadrat.
- Metode Akarmatika untuk operasi Akar Kuadrat & Akar Pangkat Tiga.

Mastermatika Better, Smart, and Fun.
Bonus CD Pelatihan.

Mastermatika Dahsyat : Kali Bagi Kuadrat dan Akar BUKU 2

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Mastermatika Dahsyat : Kali Bagi Kuadrat dan Akar BUKU 2

Mastermatika adalah teknik berhitung super cepat menggunakan trik-trik
yang mudah dan sederhana dengan hasil yang lebih luar biasa daripada
menggunakan cara biasa.

Teknik berhitung Mastermatika mengubah
paradigma dari berhitung yang sulit dan membosankan menjadi berhitung
yang mudah dan menyenangkan, dari cara berhitung konvensional menjadi
cara berhitung yang kreatif dan menggugah emosi/semangat belajar.

Materi terobosan baru dalam berhitung yang diluncurkan, di antaranya:
- Metode Takumatika dan Jarimagic untuk operasi Penjumlahan dan Pengurangan.
- Metode Kalimatika, Garismatika dan Metode Kotakmatika untuk operasi Perkalian.
- Metode Bagimatika untuk operasi Pembagian.
- Metode Kuadratmatika untuk operasi Kuadrat.
- Metode Akarmatika untuk operasi Akar Kuadrat & Akar Pangkat Tiga.

Mastermatika Better, Smart, and Fun.
Bonus CD Pelatihan.

Berhitung Lebih Cepat dari Kalkulator untuk SD

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Berhitung Lebih Cepat dari Kalkulator untuk SD

Kebanyakan siswa Sekolah Dasar mengalami kesulitan dalam mengerjakan hitungan matematika dengan cepat seperti saat "mencongak" tanpa menggunakan alat bantu kalkulator. Selain dituntut cepat dalam pengerjaan soal, siswa juga tidak boleh mengesampingkan ketelitian.

Menghafal rumus yang terlalu banyak dan rumit juga merupakan salah satu alasan siswa Sekolah Dasar tidak bisa berhitung cepat.

Buku ini berisi rumus praktis dan jurus berhitung yang terdiri dari penjumlahan, pengurangan, perkalian, pembagian, dan perpangkatan, yang pasti mudah dipahami dan super cepat. Dengan begitu soal berhitung sesulit apapun dapat diselesaikan dengan lebih mudah, cepat dan tetap teliti.

Aneka Berhitung Cepat : Kalkulator Jari Tangan Pemandu program kurikulum

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Aneka Berhitung Cepat : Kalkulator Jari Tangan Pemandu program kurikulum

Bab 1 Kalkulator Jari Tangan
Bab 2 Aneka Simulasi Hitung Dan Aljabar
Bab 3 Seluk Beluk Geometri, Trigonometri, Dan Himpunan
Bab 4 Tabelisasi, Simulasi dan Sigma
Bab 5 Angka Kardinal,Romawi Dan Sandang Utama
Penutup Ukuran Waktu Dan Satuan Metrik